Progesterone Releasing Device

flying high in vertility text and two hang gliders
PRID DELTA product shot with box

Designed for safety and convenience

PRID DELTA foil package

PRID® DELTA progesterone-releasing devices are packaged in packs of 10.

PRID DELTA product

PRID® DELTA’s bumped tail provides better traction for removal, even in the most extreme farm conditions.

PRID DELTA applicator

PRID® DELTA applicator offers a simple and easy to use design.

cow diagram

Designed with cow comfort in mind

PRID® DELTA’s triangular shape allows more even pressure distribution on the reproductive tract, with both sides completely leaning against the vagina’s inner wall, for both maximal surface contact and comfort.

On Farm Demonstration Video:

How to PREPARE, APPLY and REMOVE the PRID DELTA device
Best Practice and Mistakes to Avoid

How to use PRID® DELTA

PRID® DELTA is available in an aluminum pouch containing 10 progesterone-releasing devices.

PRID DELTA box

Ask your veterinarian or contact Ceva for more information

Ceva Animal Health

Customer Support: 800.510.8864

service.canada@ceva.com

www.ceva-canada.ca

The following information is intended for Canadian Veterinary Health Professionals (VHP) only.

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The Reproductive Cycle

In cows, the best time to inseminate in relation to the period of heat is:


green check markCorrect

Ovulation takes place between 6 and 10 hours after the end of heat. As the spermatozoa need 12 hours to swim up the genital tract to reach the oviduct where fertilization takes place, they arrive there just after ovulation.


red X markIncorrect

The likelihood of fertilization is smaller than at the end of heat, because the percentage of dead sperm will be higher at the time of ovulation.


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It is preferable, however, to inseminate between 1 and 3 hours after heat has finished rather than at the start of heat.


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This too late, since ovulation has already taken place.

In cows, when the start of heat is observed in the late morning, it is best to inseminate:


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This would correspond with the first half of heat during which fertility is not optimal.


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This would correspond with the first half of heat during which fertility is not optimal.


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This corresponds with the end of the first hours after oestrus, which is the most appropriate period for optimal fertility.


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The risk is that AI would occur at the same time as or just after ovulation, i.e., too late for optimal fertility.

In a herd of dairy cows in tie stalls, better heat detection can be obtained if observation of heat is carried out:


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It is better not to make such observations during a period of stress for animals (e.g., feeding, milking, etc.).


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The best conditions for observation are in fact when the cows are calm. Heat detection can be improved further by carrying out a 3rd daily observation, around midday.


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It is always difficult to carry out detection during a period of stress for the animals or when they are eating.


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The length of observation is too short even though it is carried out during an optimal period for heat detection.

A cow is considered to be on heat…


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This sign can be observed at times around the actual period of heat, but it is not one of the most reliable signs.


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This is the defining criteria for telling whether a cow is on heat or not.


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On the contrary, the motor activity of a cow on heat increases; it can be measured and recorded by an activity monitor.


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This criteria is not specific, but can frequently be observed when an animal is on heat.

In suckler cows, heat appears later than in dairy cows after calving:


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Resumption of follicle growth is practically identical for both types of female.


green check markCorrect

If a suckler cow is milked in the same way as a dairy cow, heat starts earlier after calving.


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The first period of heat is often not very visible as much in dairy cows as it is in suckler cows.


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The heat detection is comparable between dairy and suckler cows.

In a herd of dairy cows in tie-stalls, observation for heat once every day…


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Since heat lasts for between 15 and 20 hours on average, it is difficult for more than 30% of the cows on heat to be detected in one long daily observation period.


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Since heat lasts for between 15 and 20 hours on average, it is difficult for more than 30% of the cows on heat to be detected in one long daily observation period.


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2 to 3 20-minute observations per day are recommended, outside milking and feeding times, to detect 80% of the cows that are in estrus.


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Since heat lasts for between 15 and 20 hours on average, it is difficult for more than 30% of the cows on heat to be detected in one long daily observation period, even if it is carried out by the same person.

In dairy cows the first signs of heat after calving:


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Whilst on average the first signs of heat appear around 20 to 25 days after calving, some animals may be on heat from the first week following calving onwards.


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The first ovulation after calving can be early (from 8 days onwards) but is not often accompanied by heat. When signs of heat appear, they are often discrete.


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Even if estrus starts in the month that follows calving, the cow will not be inseminated then. However, detection of the first period of heat will make detection of following periods of heat easier.


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Animals that show signs of estrus within 50 days after calving are more likely to have higher fertility index.

In cows, duration of the heat:


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The duration of heat in heifers is shorter than in cows.


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Heat does not last for more than 24 hours in cows.


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(Duration of heat in cows is on average 14 hours +/- 5 hours; 45% of heat starts in the evening or at night; 16% lasts for less than 8 hours.


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Heat duration is not affected by the protein levels in the feed.

Your score is:

Cattle Reproduction

Which of the following is false regarding dairy heifers that experienced a respiratory disease:


red X markTrue

Dairy heifers that had BRD are 2.4 times more likely to experience dystocia at first calving.


red X markTrue

Dairy heifers that had BRD are, in average, 3 months older at calving.


green check markFalse

Dairy heifers that had BRD have a 10% lower rate of pregnancy at first AI.


red X markTrue

Dairy heifers that had BRD have an average of 525kg decrease in milk yield at first lactation.

The body condition of a suckler cow, scored from 0 to 5.


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Assessment should be carried out by palpation.


green check markCorrect

Palpation is recommended; a simple observation will not be sufficient.


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For cows calving for the first time, body condition score should be 3 and for a multiparous cow, 2.5.


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This score is too high- there could be difficulties with calving. The ideal score is 3.

Which statement is false regarding the synchronization of heat in suckler cows:


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Results are often better with heifers than with cows.


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In general, the fertility rate in first-time calvers is lower than that in multiparous animals.


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On the contrary, results are less satisfactory when calving has taken place less than 50 days previously. While uterine involution may appear to have finished in macroscopic terms. It hasn´t completely finished; it is therefore advisable to wait that the uterus is ready to receive embryos.


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Heifers that had BRD usually have lower fertility index.

In cows, ovulation takes place:


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Heat lasts from 8 to 24 hours and ovulation occurs between 6 to 10 hours after the end of heat.


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Heat lasts from 8 to 24 hours and ovulation occurs between 6 to 10 hours after the end of heat.


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Heat lasts from 8 to 24 hours and ovulation occurs between 6 to 10 hours after the end of heat.


green check markCorrect

Heat lasts from 8 to 24 hours and ovulation occurs between 6 to 10 hours after the end of heat.

The body condition of a dairy cow, scored from 0 to 5.


red X markIncorrect

The area around the tailhead and the lumbar spines are the best places to assess body condition.


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Assessment should always include palpation.


green check markCorrect

It is important to check the body condition at this moment in time to enable the breeder to adjust feed rations during the drying out period if necessary.


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The body score is a health parameter.

A dairy cow is ready for breeding after calving:


red X markIncorrect

First heat can occur 8 days after calving; this is much too early for insemination to be carried out since uterine involution has not yet finished.


red X markIncorrect

Whilst involution may appear to have finished in macroscopic terms. It hasn´t completely finished; it is therefore advisable to wait for another 10 to 15 days so that the uterus is ready to receive embryos.


green check markCorrect

Prior checks on whether uterine involution is finished and if the animal has a satisfactory body condition are desirable.


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Prior checks on whether uterine involution is finished and if the animal has a satisfactory body condition are desirable.

When breeding a dairy heifer for the first time, it is necessary that:


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Age is not the main criteria when breeding a heifer for the first time. Weight is the most important to be considered.


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Age is not the main criteria when breeding a heifer for the first time. Weight is the most important to be considered.


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This is the weight that should be reached before breeding a heifer for the first time.


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This is the weight reached at puberty. However, it is still too early for breeding a heifer for the first time, because the animal´s sexual cycle is not yet regular, and her physical development is insufficient.

When wishing to synchronize heat in a herd of suckler cows, flushing (providing high energy feed) is advisable:


green check markCorrect

The aim is to bring cows that are calving for the first time into reproduction when their body condition score is 3.


red X markIncorrect

The aim for this type of cow is to bring them into reproduction with a body condition score of 2.5; it is not advisable to flush an animal with a good body condition.


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The aim for this type of cow is to bring them into reproduction with a body condition score of 2.5; it is not advisable to flush an animal with a high body score.


red X markIncorrect

It is not advisable to flush animals with good body condition.

Your score is:

Hormones in Cattle Reproduction

In cows, during the estrus cycle, the corpus luteum:


red X markIncorrect

PMSG (Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin) is a hormone extracted from pregnant mare serum that has LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) properties.


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The prostaglandins are secreted by the uterus, enabling lysis (breaking down) of the corpus luteum.


green check markCorrect

This is the hormone which, by blocking the hypothalamus-pituitary system, prevents any ovulation outside heat.


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PMSG (Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin) is a hormone extracted from pregnant mare serum that has LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) properties.

For optimal reproduction, circulating progesterone levels should:


red X markIncorrect

Several studies demonstrated that high progesterone levels during follicular growth is linked with improved fertility.


green check markCorrect

An efficient luteolysis with a rapid decrease in progesterone levels at time of breeding is linked with improved conception rates.


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Progesterone is not only required to sustain pregnancy, but high progesterone levels after breeding have been linked with higher conception rates and fewer pregnancy losses.


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High progesterone levels are suitable in the follicular growth phase, but the variations in hormones levels are necessary to trigger behavioral estrus and allowing conception.

Progesterone is:


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Progesterone is produced by the CL and the placenta but is not excreted in urine.


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Progesterone is produced by the CL and the placenta (if pregnancy) and is not catabolized by the kidneys.


green check markCorrect

Progesterone is produced by the CL and the placenta (if pregnancy) and is metabolized by the liver enzymes.


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Progesterone is produced by the CL and the placenta (if pregnancy) But is not catabolized by the kidneys.

Progesterone metabolism in cows is independent of:


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The higher the milk production of a cow is, the highest the clearance rate of progesterone will be.


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The higher the nutrient intake of a cow is, the highest the clearance rate of progesterone will be.


green check markCorrect

The type of housing does not affect the progesterone metabolism of the cow.


red X markIncorrect

Progesterone metabolism is directly link with the blood flow to the liver (catabolism by liver enzymes).

Prostaglandin F2α:


red X markIncorrect

Cloprostenol is a synthetic prostaglandin analogue and dinoprost is the natural prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α or dinoprost).


green check markCorrect

Both forms of PGF2α have luteolytic abilities and might be used in synchronization protocols.


red X markIncorrect

cloprostenol is a synthetic prostaglandin analogue and dinoprost is the natural prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α or dinoprost).


red X markIncorrect

Natural prostaglandins are known to have a greater uterotonic effect than prostaglandin analogues.

Regarding progesterone:


green check markCorrect

High circulating progesterone is linked with low frequency (1 pulse/h) low amplitude LH pulses. Low circulating progesterone is linked with high frequency (4-6 pulses/h) high amplitude LH pulses.


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High circulating progesterone is linked with low frequency) low amplitude LH pulses. Low circulating progesterone is linked with high frequency high amplitude LH pulses.


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The higher the circulating progesterone is at the time of induced luteolysis (PGF2α) the higher is embryo survival.


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High circulating progesterone levels after breeding are associated with beneficial effects on the uterine environment and its capacity to grow embryos.

In the following statements, which does not constitute a therapeutic use of a progesterone intravaginal releasing device:


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Exogenous progesterone is widely used to synchronize estrus in cattle.


red X markIncorrect

Exogenous progesterone has been showed effective in the treatment of anestrus cows.


green check markCorrect

Progesterone Intravaginal releasing device are not recommended for metritis treatment.


red X markIncorrect

Exogenous progesterone has been showed effective in the treatment of cystic cows.

What is the minimal concentration of circulating progesterone during follicular growth to optimize fertility in anovular cows:


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The minimal concentration of circulating progesterone during follicular growth to optimize fertility in anovular cows is 2ng/ml.


green check markCorrect

The minimal concentration of circulating progesterone during follicular growth to optimize fertility in anovular cows is 2ng/ml.


red X markIncorrect

The minimal concentration of circulating progesterone during follicular growth to optimize fertility in anovular cows is 2ng/ml.


red X markIncorrect

The minimal concentration of circulating progesterone during follicular growth to optimize fertility in anovular cows is 2ng/ml.

References

  1. 1. Rathbone MJ, Bunt CR, Ogle CR, Burggraaf S, Macmillan KL, Burke CR, Pickering KL (2002). Reengineering of a commercially available bovine intravaginal insert (CIDR insert) containing progesterone. J Control Release. Dec 13;85(1-3):105-15.
  2. 2. Van Werven T, Waldeck F, Souza AH, Floch S, Englebienne M (2013). Comparison of two intravaginal progesterone releasing devices (PRID Delta vs CIDR) in dairy cows: blood progesterone profile and field fertility. Anim Reprod Sci. May;138(3-4):143-9.
  3. 3. Walsh RB, LeBlanc SJ, Vernooy E, Leslie KE (2008). Safety of a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device as assessed from vaginal mucosal integrity and indicators of systemic inflammation in postpartum dairy cows. Can J Vet Res. Jan;72(1):43-9.
  4. 4. CLI/410K41.0/0709 (2010). WBC Santiago Chile.
  5. 5. Santos VG, Carvalho PD, Maia C, Carneiro B, Valenza A, Crump PM, Fricke PM (2016) Adding a second prostaglandin F2α treatment to but not reducing the duration of a PRID-Synch protocol increases fertility after resynchronization of ovulation in lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 99:1–11
  6. 6. Adams, E.A, Buczinski,S. Short communication: Ultrasonographic assessment of lung consolidation postweaning and survival to the first lactation in dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci. 2016 Feb;99(2):1465-1470.
  7. 7. Stanton, A.l , Kelton, D.F. ,LeBlanc, S.J. Wormuth, J, Leslie, K.E. The effect of respiratory disease and a preventative antibiotic treatment on growth, survival, age at first calving, and milk production of dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci. 2012 Sep;95(9):4950-4960.
  8. 8. Teixeira, A.G.V. McArt, J.A.A, Bicalho, R.C. Thoracic ultrasound assessment of lung consolidation at weaning in Holstein dairy heifers: Reproductive performance and survival. J Dairy Sci. 2017 Apr;100(4):2985-2991.
  9. 9. Warnick, L.D.Erb, H.N.White, M.E. Lack of Association Between Calf Morbidity and Subsequent First Lactation Milk Production in 25 New York Holstein Herds. J Dairy Sci. 1995 Dec;78(12):2819-30
  10. 10. Dunn, T.R., Ollivett, T.L. Renaud, D.L., Leslie, K.E. Leblanc, S.J. Duffield, T.F. Kelton, D.F. The effect of lung consolidation, as determined by ultrasonography, on first-lactation milk production in Holstein dairy calves. J Dairy Sci. 2018 Jun;101(6):5404-5410